Proper operation of buildings, ensuring their safety and durability is of great importance in the design and construction of buildings, since the repair and implementation of preventive measures will cost much less than the construction of a new building, instead of one that collapsed due to weakness of the structure or improper operation of the building.
Every commercial building must meet the basic requirements:
– correspond to the type of activity for which it is intended (in terms of layout, size of the premises, their internal and external decoration);
– have adequate strength and stability;
– have the necessary durability and fire resistance.
The strength and stability of a building depends on the strength of individual structures and their interconnection, which provides the building with its spatial rigidity.
After the construction of the building, its reliability should be ensured by systematic monitoring of the state of the structure, proper operation and timely and high-quality repairs.
The durability of a building (its ability to maintain strength and stability for a long time and constant operation) is determined by the durability of its main structures (foundation, frame, walls, etc.).d.). The durability is influenced by a lot of different factors, such as the physical, chemical, mechanical properties of the materials from which the structure is made, as well as water, fire and frost resistance, as well as resistance to corrosion, decay and aging of materials.
The fire resistance of a building depends on two factors: the degree of flammability and the fire resistance of the structure.
All these factors should be paid special attention in the design and construction of buildings, and materials should be selected in accordance with the features of the operation of the building that the customer requires, since all materials are diverse and have different properties. For example, the metal used for the frame may be strong but not fire resistant, and vice versa.
After the completion of the construction of the building, a systematic construction supervision is established, the task of which is to detect and control the elimination of various malfunctions and damages that occur during the operation of the building, as well as control the fire safety rules.
